Community Health Framework and Intervention Plan Essay

Community Health Framework and Intervention Plan - Essay Example This report will review several other models and policy initiatives that promote both mental and primary care for the elderly who have mental illnesses and, accordingly, suggest a prevention model. The Federal Government O'Conner et al (2009) point out that federal policy will have to change to realistically begin to face the growing needs of older adults with mental illnesses. The elderly population will be growing at increasing rates over the upcoming decades. The DHHS estimates that 20% of the elderly population have mental illnesses of which 2% are seen as serious. It is a population which requires ongoing mental health services. Elderly with mental illness in general face shorter life expectancy compounded by comorbid medical illnesses and unhealthy and limiting lifestyles that are sometimes characterized by alcohol and drug abuse, poor nutrition, obesity, and cigarette smoking. These characteristics often lead to medical problems of cardiovascular disease and diabetes among oth ers. Mental illnesses may also lie hidden underneath the combination of physical illnesses, leading to misdiagnosis and insufficient treatment regimens. The main concern of federal and state governments toward the mentally ill has been in regard to controlling costs. O’Conner et al outline the various federal programs for treating the elderly mentally ill and explain how these programs have had shortfalls usually in the more difficult area of providing consistent government funding. The authors discuss how federal and state policy struggle to provide long-term care for this population. Initially Medicaid policy did not cover institutions for mental diseases (IMDs) or nursing homes as coded by the Pre-Admission Screening and Resident Review (PASRR) stricture. Also, the Medicaid Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) further confounded housing support for the population. However, the new Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA), recently created to reform Amer ican health, is now enabling states flexibility to create special benefit packages for specific populations. The ACA clarifies the Medicaid 1915(i) provision, the Home and Community Based Service (HCBS) state plan amendment option and importantly provides ways for the state to receive funding help in providing long term services to the elderly with mental illness. Integrated Services Models United States Marion et al discuss a model of integrating primary and mental health care to enable specific targeting of patients with severe and persistent mental illnesses (SPMI). Their project is an example of public policy planning that could represent coordination of services between a private agency that is federally qualified and an academic nursing school. People with SPMI are at a disadvantage of receiving only episodic and fragmented treatment. SPMI are sometimes typified as succumbing to comorbid conditions where physical illnesses are complicated by psychotropic medications. Substance abuse complicate and raise the risks of such individuals who many times live in impoverish conditions that may involve violent incidents, unprotected sex and poor nutrition. Medical care is not consistent but mainly provided by emergency care centers. One intervention scheme that may involve a measure of hope is social planning coordination between a school of

Strategic Management of Intel Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Management of Intel - Case Study Example Dr. Nicely concluded, after eliminating other potential sources of the irregularity, that the Pentium chip itself must be flawed. After contacting Intel's technical support service to no avail, he posted an electronic message to a Compuserve bulletin board to ask other Pentium owners if they were experiencing similar problems. The message set off a flood of Internet bulletin board postings that confirmed the irregularity. The news media (print and television) soon released the story to the rest of the public and the concern over the flawed chip escalated. In November, Andrew Grove, CEO of Intel, posted a message of his own. He acknowledged the problem, emphasized its minimal significance and made an offer to replace the Pentium chip for users of the Pentium processor who are engaged in work involving heavy duty, concentrated floating point calculations. Meanwhile, Intel worked with Dr. Nicely and other scientists to develop a 'workaround' that it could build into its programs to avoid the flawed calculations. Intel's offer and workaround only accelerated the concern and reaction by the Pentium public. In the face of its self-inflicted PR nightmare and increasingly critical media coverage, Intel decided in December to offer "no questions asked" chip replacement program to all of its Pentium customers. The company would take a one time charge of $475 million against its earnings for the fourth quarter of 1994 to pay for this program. Perceived Product Risk Intel's initial decision to tolerate the flaw was based on a quantitative analysis of its customers' risks. After Intel concluded that these risks were extremely low, it decided that nothing needed to be done. A few months later when its customers were made aware of the flaw, many of them felt they had been intentionally deceived and that they had paid a premium price for a damaged product. Intel's customers ultimately concluded that something had to be done. With all the debate exchanged over the months following the public exposure of the Pentium flaw, the involved parties did manage to agree on one thing. The heart of the issue concerned risk. The issue in this debate can be broken down into two questions: did the Pentium flaw expose Intel's customers and Pentium owners (end-users) to undue risks and were those risks significant enough that Intel should replace all flawed chips Intel's "at-risk" customers, specifically IBM, were concerned that the flaw might diminish its reputation as a best product provider and, consequently, its sales would suffer. There was concern the public might view IBM as the source of the problem rather than Intel, to which the problem rightly belonged. The "at-risk" Pentium owners had already bought their computers. They were confronted with an involuntary risk. It was clear that the customers' and the Pentium owners' motivations to react were based on their assessments of risk. Intel's approach to resolving product defects reflected an implied assumption that the assembler would be responsible for dealing with the end-users (Pentium owners). Intel also assumed that information about the flaw did not need to be passed along to its customers due to the insignificance of the flaw. When millions of computers with flawed Pentium chips passed into the hands of end-users, both assumptions would prove to be poor. Microprocessor defects

Course Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Course Reflection - Essay Example To begin with, my first inquiry assignment talked about the causes of failure of El Hadji, the ruler of the Senegalese after the French rulers left. In this assignment, I put the superfluous reading into practice to enable me to come up with the storyline of the book-Xala. I also learnt that, through forming a proper question of inquiry, one is able to diagnose the whole story by answering the question of inquiry. For instance, by letting my question of inquiry to be, ‘’what led to the failure of El Hadji?’’, I was able to make a critical reading through the novel as I quench to find the answers to my question. In a way, I was able to develop greater meanings of the story rather than just reading the novel to know what it is talking about. From the story of this ruler, my question of inquiry enabled me to know that greed, corruption and inability to perform can make us as leaders to fail in discharging our duties to the people we lead. These are themes from the story that one can only make a good argument about when they form a question of inquiry and answer the question by making a thorough scrutiny of the text to develop some meaning from it that can be a lesson to the whole society. In my endeavors to create much meaning in my learning this semester, I realized that one would just have a superfluous reading at first to enable them to form an inquiry question. The inquiry question I formed had to be holistic in such a way that it had to allow me to be able to diagnose the whole novel as I got to the next assignment which required close reading to give a critical analysis. My first inquiry assignment therefore was only to give me an outline of what I need to do in order to answer my inquiry question. This then led to my second inquiry assignment where I was required to make a closer reading of the novel that would enable me to answer my inquiry question thoroughly. This brings a connection of the two assignments in a very interesting manner. It made me learn that one needs to make the first reading of a text or a novel to find its storyline. I then used the first reading to know what the novel talks about in a nutshell. From there, I was able to form a proper question that could help me scrutinize the whole novel. I was able to answer the formulated question by making a closer and critical reading of the novel as required by the second inquiry assignment. In the second assignment, I only went through certain sections of the novel, reading to find specific points that would give answers to my question. This helped me particularly to know what the author was trying to pass across to his readers. My major aim was to find the authors hidden meaning of the texts through his story and make them become lessons that everyone can use or learn from. Hence, the second part of this assignment really was to identify the author’s messages from the story to his readers and to the whole African society who find themselv es in similar contexts of leadership. I then wrote my writer’s letter which was included the steps that I followed to be able to make a close and critical reading of the novel. It also reflected on the deeper meanings from the author’s point of view, that anyone reading my notes would get from them. When one reads

The Vitality of Personal Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Vitality of Personal Planning - Essay Example According to researchers and thinkers, planning is a vital element in an individual’s life. If one establishes goals and develops a desire to attain them without proper and efficient planning, he or she would not be able to achieve them. As per my own experience, I have witnessed that planning is undoubtedly a strong factor in making things right and leading them in the right direction. It helps me grow more in every field of life, and whenever I am unplanned and do not have a proper strategy for a certain task, either at college or work, I sometimes fail, or even if I am able to do it, then it is not as effective as I would have done it with proper planning and scheme(Ferzoco). The significance and vitality of planning have been discussed by many writers, authors, and other intellectuals and philosophers. In the article ‘In Praise of the Urban Sandbox’, which was published in April 2011 in the Magazine of the American Planning Association, the importance of plann ing in context with video games and digital gaming has been emphasized. Jeff Ferzoco, the writer of the article, has discussed planning in a brief manner, which is at the same time interesting to read(Ferzoco). The main emphasis of Ferzoco in the article revolves around the idea that planning can lift the standards and can turn the directions of certain things from negative to positive. By giving examples of games, he has stressed on the fact that games are not a bad medium which just consumes hours of people and keeps them busy for no good. In fact, games have turned out as a good medium for people and encourage them to rethink towards certain aspects of life. They teach them by getting them involved in real-life situations while they are in games(Ferzoco). I have learned a lot and games such as ‘cities in motion’ and ‘Cityville’ which has changed my concept and perspective completely. It is very well said that games, particularly computer games cannot be considered just as games, in fact, they are effective learning medium. However, it has all been made possible with proper and effective planning of game designers and planners. While I am playing games, I become curious and possessive regarding many things and want to make them work in a correct and appropriate manner. For example, if I see a long line of unhappy people waiting at a bus station in my city, I will try to divert that crowd to other station or will allocate another bus for them on an immediate basis so that they get to their destinations on time. Similarly, if I witness a decrease in economic and financial sources in my city, I will set up new industries and buildings so that it raises the economy. However, this seems possible only in games and is better said than done; but at least it gives me an idea of how to tackle situations and what actually is going on. The game planners design games so efficiently that they almost portray real life situations and issues(Ferzoco ). Ferzoco has also given different examples from different games in the article; those games which have made people learn, such as Farmville, CityVille on Facebook by Zynga, Sincity, and many others role-playing games.